Syria's new schoolbooks contain changes to the description of the Ottoman era. The Ministry of Education adopted the term 'Ottoman rule' instead of 'Ottoman occupation' wherever it appeared in the curricula used under the previous regime.
Turk Press reported that passages discussing what earlier texts described as 'Ottoman oppression' were removed from the Arabic-language textbook for the third year of secondary school, along with the phrase 'under the rule of a tyrannical Ottoman authority.'

The changes stem from a decision announced by Syria's Ministry of Education in early January 2025. It covered history, Arabic, Islamic education, geography, philosophy and science, in addition to removing the national education subject.
Debate over the curricula resurfaced as the new books began being used. Critics say the changes went beyond what was officially announced, while the ministry said in a statement on Monday that the changes made since the liberation were limited to a single amendment in January 2025.